Written or oral pledge by a person to keep a promise or speak the truth.

The process by which one party takes exception to some statement or procedure. An objection is either sustained (allowed) or overruled by the judge.

Release of a person from custody without the payment of any bail or posting of bond, upon the promise to return to court.

The initial statement made by attorneys for each side, outlining the facts each intends to establish during the trial.

A judge's written explanation of a decision of the court or of a majority of judges. A dissenting opinion disagrees with the majority opinion because of the reasoning or the principles of law on which the decision is based. A concurring opinion agrees with the decision of the court but offers further comment. A per curiam opinion is an unsigned opinion "of the court."

An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.

A written or oral command from a court directing or forbidding an action.

A judge’s decision not to allow an objection.